Tare da saurin bunkasuwar tattalin arzikin kasarmu, musamman yadda masana'antun hakar ma'adinai da narkar da wutar lantarki ke karuwa cikin sauri a shekarun baya-bayan nan, bukatar wutar lantarki na karuwa.Daga cikin su, da matsakaici mita smelting tanderu gyara kayan aiki ne daya daga cikin mafi girma jitu ikon samar da kayan aiki, amma saboda mafi yawan masana'antun rage samfurin farashin kuma ba sa shigar da jituwa suppression fasahar wurare, na yanzu jama'a ikon grid ne mai tsanani gurbata da jituwa kamar hazo weather .Pulse current yana rage sarrafawa, watsawa da amfani da makamashin lantarki, yana zafi da kayan aikin lantarki, yana haifar da girgizawa da hayaniya, shafe shekaru, yana rage tsawon rayuwar sabis, har ma yana haifar da gazawa ko konewa.Masu jituwa na iya haifar da sautin layi ɗaya na gida ko jerin ƙarar tsarin wutar lantarki, ta haka faɗaɗa abun ciki mai jituwa da haifar da capacitors ƙonewa da sauran kayan aiki.Harmonics kuma na iya haifar da rashin aiki na relays na kariya da na'urorin atomatik da rikitar da ma'aunin makamashi.Masu jituwa a wajen tsarin wutar lantarki na iya tsoma baki da kayan sadarwa da kayan lantarki.
Matsakaicin mitar lantarki tanderu shine ɗayan mafi girman tushen jituwa a cikin grid lodi, saboda ana jujjuya shi zuwa mitar matsakaici bayan gyarawa.Harmonics zai yi haɗari da gaske ga amintaccen aiki na grid ɗin wutar lantarki.Misali, halin yanzu na jituwa zai haifar da ƙarin asarar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi na vortex a cikin taranfomar, wanda zai sa na'urar ta canza zafi, rage yawan fitarwar na'urar, ƙara hayaniyar na'urar, da kuma yin haɗari sosai ga rayuwar sabis na na'urar. .Sakamakon mannewa na igiyoyi masu jituwa yana rage juzu'in giciye na mai gudanarwa kuma yana ƙara asarar layin.Wutar lantarki masu jituwa yana rinjayar aikin yau da kullun na sauran kayan aikin lantarki akan grid, yana haifar da kurakurai na aiki a cikin kayan sarrafawa ta atomatik da kuma rashin ingantaccen auna.Harmonic ƙarfin lantarki da halin yanzu suna shafar aikin yau da kullun na kayan sadarwa na gefe;wuce gona da iri na wucin gadi da na wucin gadi wanda ke haifar da jituwa ta hanyar haɗin kai yana lalata rufin rufin injuna da kayan aiki, wanda ke haifar da kurakuran gajeren lokaci na matakai uku da lalacewa ga masu canji;Harmonic ƙarfin lantarki da Adadin halin yanzu zai haifar da juzu'i jerin resonance da layi daya resonance a cikin jama'a ikon grid, haifar da manyan hatsarori.A cikin aiwatar da mannewa ga canje-canje akai-akai, abu na farko da za a samu daga DC shine samar da wutar lantarki mai murabba'i, wanda yayi daidai da babban matsayi na harmonics mai girma.Ko da yake ana buƙatar tace da'ira daga baya, babban tsari na jituwa ba za a iya tace shi gaba ɗaya ba, wanda shine dalilin samar da jituwa.
Mun tsara matattara guda ɗaya na 5, 7, 11 da 13.Kafin tace ramuwa, ma'aunin wutar lantarki na matakin narkewa na matsakaicin mitar lantarki ta mai amfani shine 0.91.Bayan an saka na'urar ramuwa ta tace aiki, matsakaicin diyya shine 0.98 capacitive.Bayan gudanar da na'urar ramuwa mai tacewa, jimillar karkatar da wutar lantarki (ƙimar THD) shine 2.02%.Dangane da ma'aunin ingancin wutar lantarki GB/GB/T 14549-1993, ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki (10KV) bai wuce 4.0%.Bayan tace 5th, 7th, 11th and 13th harmonic current, yawan tacewa shine kusan 82∽84%, wanda ya kai darajar da aka yarda da ma'aunin kamfaninmu.Kyakkyawan sakamako tace ramuwa.
Don haka, ya kamata mu bincika abubuwan da ke haifar da jituwa tare da ɗaukar matakai don murkushe jituwa mai ƙarfi, wanda ke da mahimmanci don tabbatar da amintaccen aiki da tattalin arziƙin tsarin wutar lantarki.
Na farko, dalilin harmonics na tsaka-tsakin wutar lantarki
1. Harmonics suna haifar da nauyin da ba na layi ba, irin su masu gyaran fuska na silicon, canza wutar lantarki, da dai sauransu. Mitar jituwa da aka samar ta wannan kaya shine adadi mai yawa na mitar aiki.Misali, mai gyara bugun bugun bugun jini mai kashi uku ya fi samar da jituwa ta 5 da ta 7, yayin da mai gyaran bugun jini mai kashi 12 ya fi samar da jituwa ta 11 da 13.
2.Saboda abubuwan haɗin kai da ake samu ta hanyar inverter lodi kamar matsakaicin mitar tanderu da inverter, ba wai kawai haɗin kai ba ne ke haifar da su, harmonics ɗin juzu'i waɗanda mitar su ta ninka sau biyu na inverter.Misali, tanderun mitar mitar matsakaita da ke aiki a 820 Hz ta amfani da mai gyara bugun bugun jini guda uku-uku yana haifar da jituwa ba kawai na 5th da 7th ba, amma harmonics na juzu'i a 1640 Hz.
Harmonics suna kasancewa tare da grid saboda janareta da taswira suna haifar da ƙaramin adadin jituwa.
2. Cutar da masu jituwa a cikin tanderun mitar matsakaici
A cikin yin amfani da tanda na tsaka-tsaki, ana haifar da adadi mai yawa na masu jituwa, wanda ke haifar da mummunar gurɓataccen gurɓatawa na grid na wutar lantarki.
1. Higher harmonics zai haifar da karuwa ƙarfin lantarki ko halin yanzu.Tasirin karuwa yana nufin gajeriyar wutar lantarki sama da (ƙananan) na tsarin, wato, saurin bugun wutar lantarki nan take wanda bai wuce miliyon 1 ba.Wannan bugun jini na iya zama mai kyau ko mara kyau, kuma yana iya samun jerin ko yanayin oscillatory, yana haifar da na'urar ta ƙone.
2. Masu jituwa suna rage watsawa da amfani da makamashin lantarki da kayan aikin thermoelectric, suna haifar da girgizawa da hayaniya, sanya gefunansa tsufa, rage rayuwar sabis, har ma da lahani ko ƙonewa.
3. Yana rinjayar da kayan aikin ramuwa na wutar lantarki na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki;idan akwai masu jituwa a cikin wutar lantarki, wutar lantarki na capacitor yana ƙaruwa bayan an saka capacitor, kuma na yanzu ta hanyar capacitor yana ƙara ƙaruwa, wanda ke ƙara asarar wutar lantarki.Idan abun ciki na bugun jini yana da girma, capacitor zai kasance mai jurewa kuma ana ɗora shi, wanda zai zazzage capacitor kuma yana haɓaka embrittlement na kayan gefen.
4. Wannan zai rage gudu da rayuwar sabis na kayan lantarki da ƙara hasara;kai tsaye yana shafar iyawar amfani da ƙimar amfani da na'urar wuta.Hakazalika, zai kuma kara hayaniyar na’urar taranfoma da kuma takaita rayuwar taransfoma sosai.
5. A cikin wuraren da ke da maɓuɓɓuka masu jituwa da yawa a cikin grid ɗin wutar lantarki, har ma da babban adadin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na ciki da na waje sun faru, kuma capacitors a cikin tashar sun kone ko ta lalace.
6. Harmonics kuma na iya haifar da kariyar relay da gazawar na'urar ta atomatik, yana haifar da rudani a ma'aunin makamashi.Wannan shi ne na waje na tsarin wutar lantarki.Masu jituwa suna haifar da tsangwama ga kayan sadarwa da kayan lantarki.Sabili da haka, haɓaka ingancin wutar lantarki na tsaka-tsakin wutar lantarki ya zama babban mayar da hankali ga amsa.
Uku, Hanyar sarrafa mitar tanderu matsakaici.
1. Inganta ƙarfin gajeren lokaci na wurin haɗin jama'a na grid na wutar lantarki da kuma rage rashin daidaituwa na tsarin.
2. Harmonic halin yanzu diyya rungumi dabi'ar AC tace da aiki tace.
3. Ƙara yawan bugun jini na kayan aiki mai canzawa don rage halin yanzu masu jituwa.
4. Kauce wa resonance na parallel capacitors da kuma zane na tsarin inductance.
5. An haɗa na'urar toshewa mai mahimmanci a cikin jerin layi akan layin watsa wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi na DC don toshe yaduwa na haɗin kai mai girma.
7. Zaɓi yanayin wayoyi masu dacewa.
8. An haɗa kayan aikin don samar da wutar lantarki, kuma an shigar da na'urar tacewa.
Hudu, matsakaicin mitar tanderu kayan sarrafa kayan aiki
1. Hongyan m tace na'urar.
Hongyan m tace na'urar.Kariyar ita ce mai jujjuyawar tsarin capacitor, kuma filtar wucewa ta ƙunshi capacitor da resistor a cikin jeri, kuma ana haɗa daidaitawa zuwa wani yanki.A mitar ta musamman, ana samar da madaidaicin madauki, kamar 250HZ.Wannan matattarar jituwa ta biyar ce.Hanyar na iya rama duka masu jituwa da ikon amsawa, kuma yana da tsari mai sauƙi.Duk da haka, babban hasara na wannan hanya shi ne cewa ta ramuwa ya shafi impedance na grid da kuma aiki jihar, kuma yana da sauki resonate a layi daya da tsarin, haifar da jituwa amplification, overload kuma ko da lalacewa ga ruwa crystal. tace.Don lodin da suka bambanta sosai, yana da sauƙi a haifar da rashin biyan kuɗi ko fiye da kima.Bugu da ƙari, zai iya kawai rama ƙayyadaddun jituwa masu jituwa, kuma tasirin ramuwa bai dace ba.
2. Hongyan aiki tace kayan aiki
Tace masu aiki suna haifar da igiyoyin jituwa daidai gwargwado da girman lokaci.Tabbatar cewa halin yanzu a gefen samar da wutar lantarki shine sine.Mahimmin ra'ayi shine ƙirƙirar ramuwa na halin yanzu tare da ƙarfi ɗaya kamar na yau da kullun masu jituwa da juyar da matsayi, da kuma daidaita yanayin halin yanzu na ramuwa tare da ɗaukar nauyi na yanzu don share bugun bugun jini.Wannan hanyar kawar da jituwa ce ta samfur, kuma tasirin tacewa ya fi masu tacewa.
3. Hongyan Harmonic Protector
Mai jituwa mai jituwa daidai yake da amsawar jerin capacitor.Saboda impedance yana da ƙasa sosai, halin yanzu zai gudana a nan.Wannan shine ainihin rabuwar impedance, don haka jituwar halin yanzu da aka yi allura a cikin tsarin ana warware shi.
Ana shigar da kariyar masu jituwa galibi a gaban kayan aiki masu laushi.Su ne samfuran sarrafawa masu jituwa masu inganci, waɗanda zasu iya tsayayya da tasirin haɓaka, sha 2 ~ 65 sau mafi girma masu jituwa, da kare kayan aiki.Gudanar da jituwa na tsarin kula da hasken wuta, kwamfutoci, talabijin, kayan sarrafa saurin mota, kayan wuta da ba za a iya katsewa ba, kayan aikin injin CNC, masu gyara, na'urori masu dacewa, da hanyoyin sarrafa lantarki.Duk waɗannan jituwa da aka samar ta hanyar kayan aikin lantarki marasa daidaituwa na iya haifar da gazawa a cikin tsarin rarraba kanta ko a cikin kayan aikin da aka haɗa da tsarin.Mai karewa mai jituwa na iya kawar da jituwa a tushen samar da wutar lantarki, kuma ta atomatik kawar da manyan jituwa ta atomatik, amo mai tsayi, bugun bugun jini, tashin hankali da sauran rikice-rikice ga kayan lantarki.Mai jituwa mai jituwa zai iya tsarkake wutar lantarki, kare kayan lantarki da kayan aikin ramawa mai ƙarfi, hana mai karewa daga faɗuwa da gangan, sa'an nan kuma kula da amintaccen aiki na kayan lantarki a babban ƙasa.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-13-2023